Early life history of yellow puffer,Chonerhinos naritus (Richardson, 1848) from Sarawak,Northwestern Borneo     

Ahmad Nasir Ahmad Syafiq  Samsur Mohamad  Mohammed Mohidin 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(6):2505-2514

The growth and morphological development including fins, spine distribution and pigmentation of larval and juvenile of hatchery‐reared yellow puffer, Chonerhinos naritus were described to provide essential information on the early life history of this species. The total length (TL) of newly hatched larvae was 3.42 ± 0.23 (mean ± SD) mm, reaching 5.66 ± 0.38 mm on 5 days after hatched (DAH), 7.80 ± 0.28 mm on 11 DAH, 9.88 ± 0.40 mm on 27 DAH and 10.92 ± 0.58 mm on 30 DAH. The yolk was completely absorbed in preflexion larvae at 4 DAH. The mouth opening started at 3 DAH of yolk sac larvae, while the teeth appeared starting from preflexion larvae at 7 DAH. Overall aggregate fin ray numbers including caudal fin attained full complement in postflexion larvae at 27 DAH. Several melanophores with appearance of small stellate were first appeared dorsally on the head of flexion larvae at 13 DAH, expanded at the dorsal region of the head, above the eye in juveniles at 30 DAH. The spines first appeared in preflexion larvae of C. naritus at 7 DAH, covering the ventral skin region below pectoral fin base and expanded to the ventral part of the body and nearly covered the whole abdomen region before the anus and below the eyes in juveniles. C. naritus remain as larvae for approximately 29 days, during which they metamorphose to the juvenile stage prior to sexual maturation. Observations in larvae development of C. naritus revealed similar characteristics with other Tetraodontidae species.  相似文献   

Requirements for n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in feeding juvenile Iranian sturgeon (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser persicus</Emphasis>) and its effects on growth,carcass quality,and fatty acid composition     

Mohamad Reza Imanpoor  Masoud Asghari  Reza Asadi 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(6):1035-1046

A 60-day feeding experiment was carried out on juvenile Iranian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) to evaluate the effects of different percentages of canola oil and fish oil containing n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) on fish growth and fatty acid composition. The requirement for n-3 HUFA of juvenile Iranian sturgeon (48.4 ± 1.98 g) was studied by feeding the fish with various diets containing six different percentage of n-3 HUFA ranging from 1.56 to 17.25 (% of total fatty acids). Neither the weight gain, feed conversion ratio, condition factor, specific growth rate nor the protein efficiency ratio showed any significant differences between the dietary treatments nor in the body composition of juvenile Iranian sturgeon (P > 0.05); also there were no significant difference with respect to the effect of the dietary treatment (P > 0.05) on the blood parameters, for the content of plasma protein, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride. The fatty acid composition of the carcass of the Iranian sturgeon fed with the diets containing various levels of n-3 HUFA was reflected by the dietary fatty acid composition. The content of n-3 HUFA in the fish increased with an increase in dietary n-3 HUFA levels. The results indicate that the dietary n-3 HUFA had no effect on the growth of juvenile Iranian sturgeon.  相似文献   

Thyroidectomy facilitated with Harmonic Caliper and intraoperative neural monitoring in three horses     

Mohamad Al Naem  Lutz-F. Litzke  Ahmed Atef Gomma Mourad 《Equine Veterinary Education》2023,35(1):e45-e51

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Bacterial canker of olives caused by of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae in Iran     

Maesomeh Ashorpour  Mostafa Niknejad Kazempour  Mohamad Ramezanie 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008

Guilan is one of the main province olive oil producers in Iran. The culture of olive trees is of considerable importance. One problem that affects Iran olive orchards is a disease bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. In this research, the bacterium was recovered from sunken brown stem lesions on 2-year-old olive trees cv. Marie, during survey from olive orchards in different areas of Guilan province. Samples were taken from infected tissues and were washed with sterile distilled water and crushed in peptone water. Then 50 μl of the extract was cultured on NA and King's B medium containing cyclohexamid antibiotic (50 μg/ml). After 48–72 h, bacterial colonies were selected. Based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, pathogenicity properties and PCR methods with specific primers the predominant pathogenic type was identified as P. s. pv. syringae. This is the first report of the existence of P. s. pv. syringae on olive trees in Iran.  相似文献   

Comparative studies of versatile extracellular proteolytic activities of lactic acid bacteria and their potential for extracellular amino acid productions as feed supplements     

Ye Heng Lim  Hooi Ling Foo  Teck Chwen Loh  Rosfarizan Mohamad  Norhani Abdullah 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2019,(3)

Background: Increasing understanding on the functions of amino acids(AA) has led to new commercial applications and expansion of the worldwide markets. However, the current technologies rely heavily on non-food grade microorganism and chemical synthesis for the production of AA. Several studies reported that lactic acid bacteria(LAB) have the capability of producing AA owing to their well-established proteolytic system and amino acid biosynthesis genes. Hence, the objectives of this study were to explore the extracellular proteolytic activity of LAB isolated from various Malaysian fermented foods and their potential to produce AA extracellularly as feed supplements.Results: Al the studied LAB isolates were versatile extracel ular protease producers, whereby extracel ular protease activities were detected from acidic to alkaline pH(pH 5, pH 6.5, pH 8) using qualitative and quantitative proteolytic assays.The highest proteolytic activity at pH 5(15.76 U/mg) and pH 8(19.42 U/mg) was achieved by Lactobacil us plantarum RG14, while Lactobacil us plantarum RS5 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity of 17.22 U/mg at pH 6.5. As for the results of AA production conducted in de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium and analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography system, al LAB isolates were capable of producing an array of AA. General y, Pediococcus sp. showed greater ability for AA production as compared to Lactobacil us sp. Moreover, the studied LAB were able to produce a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan. P. pentosaceus TL-3 recorded the highest methionine and threonine productivity of 3.72 mg/L/h and 5.58 mg/L/h respectively. However, L. plantarum I-UL4 demonstrated a lysine productivity of 1.24 mg/L/h, while P. acidilactici TP-6 achieved up to 1.73 mg/L/h of tryptophan productivity.Conclusion: Al the 17 studied LAB isolates possessed versatile extracel ular proteolytic system and have vast capability of producing various amino acids including a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan. Despite AA production was strain dependent, the studied LAB isolates possessed vast potential and can be exploited further as a bio-agent or an alternative amino acids and bioactive peptide producers.  相似文献   

Chinese herbal medicine for SARS and SARS-CoV-2 treatment and prevention,encouraging using herbal medicine for COVID-19 outbreak     

Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian  Wenli Sun  Hong Shen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(5):437-443

ABSTRACT

Chinese herbs and plants have been used as traditional medicine, immune system booster for human being for thousands of years in China and other parts of Asia. Seven coronaviruses are known to infect humans, three of them are serious which are SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome), and SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19). In this mini-review article, we have mentioned the key role some of the most important plants with antiviral activities and herbs against SARS and SARS-CoV-2 on the basis of traditional Chinese medicine.  相似文献   

Large-pore apertures in a series of metal-organic frameworks     

Deng H  Grunder S  Cordova KE  Valente C  Furukawa H  Hmadeh M  Gándara F  Whalley AC  Liu Z  Asahina S  Kazumori H  O'Keeffe M  Terasaki O  Stoddart JF  Yaghi OM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6084):1018-1023

We report a strategy to expand the pore aperture of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into a previously unattained size regime (>32 angstroms). Specifically, the systematic expansion of a well-known MOF structure, MOF-74, from its original link of one phenylene ring (I) to two, three, four, five, six, seven, nine, and eleven (II to XI, respectively), afforded an isoreticular series of MOF-74 structures (termed IRMOF-74-I to XI) with pore apertures ranging from 14 to 98 angstroms. All members of this series have noninterpenetrating structures and exhibit robust architectures, as evidenced by their permanent porosity and high thermal stability (up to 300°C). The pore apertures of an oligoethylene glycol-functionalized IRMOF-74-VII and IRMOF-74-IX are large enough for natural proteins to enter the pores.  相似文献   

The Main Insect Pests of Safflower on Various Plant Parts in Iran     

Mehdi Nasr  Esfahani Giti  Alizadeh Zahra  Zarei Mohamad  Nasr Esfahani 《农业科学与技术》2012,(11):1281-1288

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Malaysianol B,an oligostilbenoid derivative from Dryobalanops lanceolata     

A. Wibowo  N. Ahmat  A.S. Hamzah  A.L.M. Low  S.A.S. Mohamad  H.Y. Khong  A.S. Sufian  N. Manshoor  H. Takayama 《Fitoterapia》2012

A new oligostilbenoid tetramer, malaysianol B (1), was isolated from the acetone extract of the stem bark of Dryobalanops lanceolata along with seven oligostilbenoids tetramers; hopeaphenol (2), stenophyllol A (3), nepalensinol B (4), vaticanol B (5) and C (6), upunaphenol D (7), and flexuosol A (8). The structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data evidence. The antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using resazurin microtitre-plate assay.  相似文献   

Soil and sediment quality and composition as factors in the distribution of damage at the December 26, 2003, Bam area earthquake in SE Iran (M s = 6.6)     

Khalil Rezaei  Bernard Guest  Anke Friedrich  Farajollah Fayazi  Mohamad Nakhaei  Seyed Mahmoud Fatemi Aghda  Ali Beitollahi 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(1):23-32

Background, aim, and scope

The rapid growth of the world’s population over the past few decades has led to a concentration of people, buildings, and infrastructure in urban areas. The tendency of urban areas to develop in sedimentary valleys has increased their vulnerability to earthquakes due to the presence of soft soil and sediment. Several earthquakes have clearly demonstrated that local soil and sediment conditions can have a significant influence on earthquake-induced ground motion and damage pattern, respectively. Many studies confirm the relationship between site effect and ground motion (Borcherdt in Bull Seismol Soc Am 60:29–61, 1970; Bouckovalas et al. in Geotech Geolog Eng (Historical Archive) 14(2):111–128, 1996; Fäh et al. in Seismology 1:87–10, 1997; Atakan et al. in Nat Hazards 15(2–3):139–164, 1997; Christaras et al. in Geodynamics 26(2–4):393–411, 1998; Raptakis et al. in Bull Earthquake Eng 2(3):285–301, 2004a; Raptakis et al. in Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 25:871–887, 2005; Marka et al. in Pure Appl Geophys 158:2349–2367, 2001; Marka et al. in Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 25(4):303–315, 2005; Importa et al. in Seismology 9(2):191–210, 2005; Tyagunov et al. in Nat Hazards 38:199–214, 2006; Lombardo et al. in Nat Hazards 38:339–354, 2006; Rayhani et al. in Geotech Geol Eng 21(1):91–100, 2008). In order to classify the suitability of the soil and subsurface sediment units for urban planning and compare their mechanical behavior with the non-uniform damage observed in the 2003 earthquake, we performed some geotechnical and geophysical analyses of soil and sediment samples collected from different locations in Bam City.

Methodology

Geophysical and geotechnical properties, such as grain size distribution, sorting, plasticity, Poison’s ratio, shear strength, compression index, permeability, and P and S wave velocities in soil and subsurface sediments, were measured. Maps (in GIS environment) and cross-sections were prepared for the study area.

Results

According to our observations, a great number of buildings were damaged in areas of the city where silty and clayey soils dominate, presenting very low permeability, low wave velocity together with high plasticity, and compressibility. In the study area, we recognized eight sediment types. Shear wave propagation velocities allowed for the identification of four seismic layers referred to as the surface layer, second layer, and third layer and seismic bedrock. We found that the damages observed in the Bam area were related to the physical and mechanical properties of the soil and subsurface sediment units. We also found that the soil thickness that was estimated by geophysical surveying shows a direct relationship with damage rate observations. Furthermore, we observed that landslide and qanat collapses have occurred in some areas where sand and silty sand soils and subsurface sediments dominate.

Discussion

The distribution of the damage shows a microzonation that is very serious in some points in the city along the main fault, especially where it is located on thick, fine, medium, and loose soil and sediments. In general, there is a discernable west to east increase in the damage across the city. The average level of destruction for the entire city was ~75%, while the eastern part of the city locally reached 100% destruction level. The major factors that influenced the damage and destruction in the Bam region were the distance of a given site from the seismic source, the quality of foundation soil and subsurface sediment, and the type of building. The Bam earthquake occurred on a single fault network comprising the Bam and Arg-e-Bam faults (Funning et al. in J Geophys Res 100(B09406):1–23, 2005). The sediments and soil of the area (unconsolidated silty sand and sandy gravel) belong to braided fluvial and alluvial facies. Most of the buildings near the epicenter area were old and constructed of mud bricks using mud cement.

Recommendations and perspectives

A combined sedimentological, geological, neotectonic, geotechnical, paleoseismological, and geophysical investigation in urban areas (especially in alluvial valleys) will give the detailed knowledge of the subsurface structure required for the accurate and precise seismic hazard assessments needed for effective earthquake protection planning. This paper shows that for the Bam situation, sedimentological data are required to provide an interpretive context for the geophysical data.  相似文献